How are van der Waals forces defined in the context of particle interaction?

Van der Waals forces are defined as the weak attractions that occur between all particles in nature, including atoms, molecules, and even larger structures. These forces arise from transient polarizations within the particles, leading to temporary dipoles that can induce complementary dipoles in nearby particles, resulting in an attractive force. This fundamental interaction plays a critical role in various phenomena, including the behaviors of gases, liquids, and solids, influencing properties such as boiling points, melting points, and solubility.

The other options represent different types of interactions or forces that are not classified as van der Waals forces. Specifically, while attraction between water molecules is significant (and relates to hydrogen bonding), it is a much stronger interaction than van der Waals forces. Electrostatic repulsion pertains to interactions between charged particles, contrasting with the attraction characterizing van der Waals forces. Compression forces on solid particles are generally related to mechanical properties and stress, rather than the intermolecular attractions described by van der Waals forces.