What type of treatment does not involve sedimentation?

Direct filtration is a method of water treatment that does not involve the step of sedimentation. In this process, raw water is passed through a series of filters, which can include sand or other media, to remove impurities and suspended particles directly. This method is particularly effective in situations where the source water is relatively clean, and it allows for faster treatment since it skips the sedimentation phase that is common in conventional treatment processes.

Conventional treatment typically includes coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration, making it a more comprehensive and time-consuming approach that utilizes sedimentation to remove larger particles. Coagulation is specifically designed to facilitate the aggregation of particles into larger clumps, or flocs, which then settle out during sedimentation. Advanced oxidation processes typically focus on breaking down contaminants using strong oxidants, which may also not require sedimentation but often involve more complex chemical reactions rather than simple filtration.

By understanding these differences, it becomes clear how direct filtration operates on a separate premise, making it an efficient method under suitable conditions that forgoes the sedimentation step entirely.